N+1 Queries

什麼是 N+1 Query

在Rails中有個ActiveRecord，它可以很容易產生資料庫關連、操作的東西。

但是關連這種東西一用不好就有可能造成災難，看看範例。

範例？

我有一個CrashLog model belongs_to Product，然後在CrashLog內用Delegate對應到Product的name

    # crash_log.rb
    delegate :name, to: :product, prefix: true

如此一來可以用c = CrashLog.first; c.product_name來直接存取到product.name

可是當你用迴圈的時候就有可能遇到 N+1 Query。

譬如說我在首頁上面寫的是 @crash_logs = CrashLog.all

結果SQL跑出上百筆類似以下的東西：

CrashLog Load (2.3ms) SELECT "crash_logs".* FROM "crash_logs" Product Load (0.2ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 94 LIMIT 1 Product Load (0.2ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 93 LIMIT 1 Product Load (0.2ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 95 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 94 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 95 LIMIT 1 Product Load (0.2ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 96 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 96 LIMIT 1 Product Load (0.3ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 91 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 91 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 94 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 93 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 95 LIMIT 1 Product Load (0.2ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 92 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 96 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 93 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 94 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 94 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 94 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 93 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 92 LIMIT 1 Product Load (0.2ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 97 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 91 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) 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SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 92 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 95 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 94 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 95 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 97 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 93 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 93 LIMIT 1 CACHE (0.0ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" = 91 LIMIT 1

但是如果當我改成 @crash_logs = CrashLog.includes :product 就會變成另外一種結果

CrashLog Load (2.5ms) SELECT "crash_logs".* FROM "crash_logs" Product Load (0.2ms) SELECT "products".* FROM "products" WHERE "products"."id" IN (94, 93, 95, 96, 91, 92, 97)

怎麼樣？很恐怖吧！

Jul 13th, 2012

N+1 Queries, notes, rails

赫謙小便籤

N+1 Queries

什麼是 N+1 Query

範例？

Comments